Different approaches for dealing with rare variants in family-based genetic studies: application of a Genetic Analysis Workshop 17 problem

Table 1 Heritability estimates for the affection status from polygenic models with different covariates

Model	h² (SE)	SC	KL
No covariance	0.10 (0.07)	–	–
Age, Sex, Smoking, and interactions	0.55 (0.16)	Age, Smoking	0.27
Q1, Q2, Q4, and interactions	0.06 (0.18) (ns)	Q1, Q2, Q4	0.63
Age	0.53 (0.15)	Age	0.24
Smoking	0.11 (0.08)	Smoking	0.02
Q1	0.17 (0.13) (ns)	Q1	0.32
Q2	0.005 (0.07) (ns)	Q2	0.12
Q4	0.60 (0.15)	Q4	0.27
Q1 × Q2	0.03 (0.07) (ns)	Q1 × Q2	0.03
Q1 × Q4	0.15 (0.08)	Q1 × Q4	0.02
Q2 × Q4	0.11 (0.06)	Q2 × Q4	0.01
Q4, Age	0.58 (0.15)	Q4, Age	0.27
Q1, Q2	0.13 (0.13) (ns)	Q1, Q2	0.39
Q2, Age	0.42 (0.17)	Q2, Age	0.44

The h² column contains the heritability estimates of the affection status using the model defined in the model column. The SC column lists the covariates that were found to be significant in the model. The KL column gives the Kullback-Leibler R² statistic. ns, nonsignificant.

ISSN: 1753-6561