Table 2 Modes of collaboration to advance surgical, obstetric, and anaesthesia care

Collaboration across the spectrum of care

Collaboration between surgery, obstetrics, anaesthesia, emergency medicine, intensive care and diagnostics, among other specialties to form an ‘ecosystem’ of care

Regional collaboration

Collaboration among countries in a defined geographic region to address shared challenges and generate joint solutions

Interprofessional collaboration

Collaboration among healthcare professionals of different backgrounds, such as medical specialists, nurses, midwives, trainees, and students

South-South collaboration

Collaboration among two or more low- and middle-income countries to exchange knowledge and resources