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Table 1 Contribution of HW disequilibrium to p value distribution, evaluated by regression analysis. Significant F tests (p < 0.05) demonstrating evidence of the contribution of HW disequilibrium to the p value distributions are shown in bold font

From: Assessing transmission ratio distortion in extended families: a comparison of analysis methods

 

Allb, c

Sequenceda, c

Nuclearb, c

Method

TDT

PDT

FBAT

TDT

PDT

FBAT

TDT

PDT

FBAT

Regression model of - log10 p values at all SNPs

R 2 full –R 2 reduced

4.4 × \( {10}^{-4} \)

3.6 × \( {10}^{-7} \)

1.5 × \( {10}^{-6} \)

0.0018

3.6 × \( {10}^{-8} \)

2 × \( {10}^7 \)

2.9 × \( {10}^{-6} \)

8.26 × \( {10}^{-9} \)

3.5 × \( {10}^{-7} \)

 # SNPse

6.1 × \( {10}^6 \)

5.6 × \( {10}^6 \)

2.1 × \( {10}^6 \)

3.2 × \( {10}^6 \)

3 × \( {10}^6 \)

8 × \( {10}^5 \)

3.6 × \( {10}^6 \)

2.1 × \( {10}^6 \)

5 × \( {10}^5 \)

Regression models of - log10 p values greater than 3 only

   

R 2 full –R 2 reduced

0.002

8.4 × \( {10}^{-5} \)

8.8 × \( {10}^{-4} \)

0.0015

\( {\mathrm{NA}}^f \)

0.006

0.014

0.01

0.01

# SNPse

8 × \( {10}^4 \)

517

870

1777

11

19

3.3 × \( {10}^4 \)

53

54

F-test p-valuesd

 All SNPs

0.00

0.16

0.07

0.00

0.74

0.69

0.00

0.89

0.68

P< \( {10}^{-3} \)

0.00

0.84

0.38

0.10

NAf

0.82

0.00

0.49

0.50

  1. aFull model is given by Eq. (1)
  2. bFull model is given by Eq. (2)
  3. cReduced model excludes \( -{ \log}_{10}\left({\mathrm{HWE}}_{p\mathrm{value}}\right) \)
  4. dTest to see if there is a significant difference between the full model and the reduced model. Numbers presented correspond to pvalues of the F test where the null hypothesis is \( {\beta}_{\mathrm{HWE}}=0 \)
  5. eThe number of informative SNPs
  6. fNot enough data points to fit the model