Table 1 Reproduced from Guidance Framework for Testing Genetically Modified Mosquitoes. World Health Organisation [11] Table 1.1 Genetically Modified Mosquito (GMM) technologies currently under development. Note that the characterization does not describe all genetic systems in development, there are additionally “threshold-dependent” gene drive systems that have an element of local population control or reversal by design [14]
From: Means and ends of effective global risk assessments for genetic pest management
| Approach | ||
|---|---|---|
| Self- limiting | Self-sustaining | |
| Population suppression | Modification reduces the number of progeny | Modification reduces the number of progeny |
| Possesses either no gene drive or weak drive that will pass the modification through only a limited number of generations | Possesses strong gene drive | |
| Not intended to persist in the absence of continued releases | Intended to spread the modification indefinitely or until the mosquito population is eliminated | |
| Population replacement | Modification limits pathogen replication, thereby reducing transmission | Modification limits pathogen replication, thereby reducing transmission |
| Possesses weak gene drive that will pass the modification through only a limited number of generations | Possesses strong gene drive | |
| Intended to spread the modification through the population indefinitely | Intended to persist only until diluted out of the population |